Procesos de Negocio
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Artículos en la categoría Procesos de Negocio publicados en las Actas de las XIV Jornadas de Ingeniería de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Servicios (JCIS 2018).
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Resumen Linking Data and BPMN Processes to Achieve Executable ModelsDe Giacomo, Giuseppe; Oriol, Xavier; Estañol, Montserrat. Actas de las XIV Jornadas de Ingeniería de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Servicios (JCIS 2018), 2018-09-17.Summary of the Contribution The two main assets of any organization are (i) information, i.e., data, which are the things that the organization knows about, and (ii) processes, which are collections of activities that describe how work is performed within an organiza- tion. Recent research has highlighted the importance of considering both process and data as key elements in process and service design. However, models that represent processes and data are typically developed by different teams, resulting in unrelated models which neglect the interaction between the two. Bearing this in mind, in this paper we propose to connect processes and data, and a way to automatically execute the resulting model. To do so, we assume that processes are represented using BPMN and data in a UML class diagram. In order to link both formalisms, we propose the following: (1) the creation of an Artifact, which represents a set of process variables associated to a certain process instance, and (2) the specification of the activities or tasks in the process, showing how they make changes to the data. We propose representing the artifact as an additional class in the UML class diagram. On the other hand, we opt for OCL operation contracts (with a pre and a postcondition) to specify details of the process activities. Note that other languages could be used to represent the data, the process and the contracts, as long as they have unambiguous semantics and whose expressiveness is equivalent to first-order logic. Following this framework, we can then achieve executability of the frame- work, by relying on SQL technology. The UML class diagram is encoded as a relational database, the BPMN diagram can be formalized as a Petri net, and the OCL contracts can be encoded as logic rules from which SQL statements can be derived and applied to the database. To prove the feasiblity of our approach, we have developed a prototype tool in Java which can load the models in our framework and execute the operations at runtime in a relational database.Resumen VISUAL PPINOT: A Graphical Notation for Process Performance IndicatorsDel Río Ortega, Adela; Resinas Arias de Reyna, Manuel; Durán Toro, Amador; Bernárdez Jiménez, Beatriz; Ruiz Cortés, Antonio; Toro, Miguel. Actas de las XIV Jornadas de Ingeniería de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Servicios (JCIS 2018), 2018-09-17.Summary of the contribution Process performance indicators (PPIs) allow the quantitative evaluation of busi- ness processes (BPs), providing essential information for decision making. How- ever, PPI management is not only restricted to the evaluation phase of the BPM lifecycle, but also includes a number of steps that must be carried out through- out the whole lifecycle. PPIs need to be defined, the corresponding BPs must be instrumented, PPI values have to be computed, then they can be monitored and analysed using techniques such as business activity monitoring or process mining, and finally, a PPI redefinition can be required in case of the evolution of either the associated BPs or the PPIs themselves. It is common practice today that BPs and PPIs are usually modelled separately using graphical notations for the former and natural language for the latter. This approach makes PPI definitions simple to read and write, but it hinders maintenance consistency between BPs and PPIs. It also requires their manual translation into lower–level implemen- tation languages for their operationalisation, which is a time–consuming, error– prone task because of the ambiguities inherent to natural language definitions. In this article we present Visual ppinot, a graphical notation for defining PPIs together with BP models aimed at facilitating and automating PPI management. This is mainly achieved by means of the following features. First, Visual ppinot is based on the ppinot metamodel, which provides a precise and unambiguous definition of PPIs, thus allowing their automated processing in the di?erent ac- tivities of the lifecycle. Second, Visual ppinot provides traceability by design between PPIs and BPs because PPIs must be explicitly connected to BP ele- ments, thus avoiding inconsistencies and promoting their co–evolution. Finally, Visual ppinot enables a definition of PPIs that is independent of the platforms used to support the PPIs in the BP lifecycle, which reduces vendor lock–in and allows definitions of PPIs encompassing several information systems. In addi- tion, it improves current state–of–the–art proposals in terms of expressiveness and of providing an explicit visualisation of the link between PPIs and BPs. The reference implementation, developed as a complete tool suite, has allowed its validation in a multiple-case study, in which five dimensions were studied: expressiveness, precision, automation, understandability, and traceability.Resumen A Template-based Approach for Responsibility Management in Executable Business ProcessesCabanillas, Cristina; Resinas Arias de Reyna, Manuel; Ruiz Cortés, Antonio. Actas de las XIV Jornadas de Ingeniería de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Servicios (JCIS 2018), 2018-09-17.Summary of the Contribution Process-oriented organisations need to manage the di?erent types of responsi- bilities their employees may have w.r.t. the activities involved in their business processes. Despite several approaches provide support for responsibility mod- elling, in current Business Process Management Systems (BPMS) the only re- sponsibility considered at run time is the one related to performing the work required for activity completion. Others like accountability or consultation must be implemented by manually adding activities in the executable process model, which is time-consuming and error-prone. This paper addresses this limitation by enabling current BPMS to execute processes in which people with di?erent responsibilities interact to complete the activities. A metamodel based on Responsibility Assignment Matrices (RAM) is designed to model the responsibility assignment for each activity, and a template- based mechanism that automatically transforms such information into BPMN el- ements is developed. The approach is independent of the platform and hence, the output models can be interpreted and executed by BPMS that support BPMN. Furthermore, the original structure of the process model remains unchanged, as the templates for modelling responsibilities are defined at subprocess level. This provides transparency and does not a?ect the readability of the original model. As our approach does not enforce any specific behaviour but new templates can be modelled to specify the interaction that best suits the activity requirements, there is high flexibility and generalisability. Moreover, template libraries can be created and reused in different processes. We provide a reference implementation and build a library of templates for a well-known set of responsibilities.Artículo Towards a new Tool for Managing Declarative Temporal Business Process ModelsJiménez Ramírez, Andrés; Barba, Irene; del Valle, Carmelo. Actas de las XIV Jornadas de Ingeniería de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Servicios (JCIS 2018), 2018-09-17.Business processes which require a high flexibility are com- monly specified in a declarative (e.g., constraint-based) way. In general, offering operational support (e.g., generating possible execution traces) to declarative business process models entails more complexity when compared to imperative modeling alternatives. Such support becomes even more complex in many real scenarios where the management of complex temporal relations between the process activities is crucial (i.e., the temporal perspective should be managed). Despite the needs for en- abling process flexibility and dealing with temporal constraints, most existing tools are unable to manage both. In a previous work, we then proposed TConDec-R, which is a constraint-based process modeling lan- guage which allows for the specification of temporal constraints. In this paper we introduce the basis and a prototype of a constraint-based tool with a client/server architecture for providing operational support to TConDec-R process models.