Blockchain Forum

Blockchain Forum

URI permanente para esta colección:

https://hdl.handle.net/11705/JCIS/2021/BF

Artículos en la categoría Blockchain Forum publicados en las Actas de las XVI Jornadas de Ingeniería de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Servicios (JCIS 2021).

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Ciberataques a Blockchain en Entornos IoT: un Estudio de Mapeo Sistemático
Peregrina-Pérez, María Jesús; Lagares-Galán, Jesús; Navas-Pérez, Pedro José; Rosa-Bilbao, Jesús; Boubeta-Puig, Juan. Actas de las XVI Jornadas de Ingeniería de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Servicios (JCIS 2021), 2021-09-22.
Blockchain es una tecnología relativamente reciente que permite la confiabilidad, trazabilidad, inmutabilidad y transparencia de la información. Ha traído numerosos beneficios en aplicaciones de Internet de las cosas (IoT) como son, la creación de redes seguras, dispositivos interconectados de forma confiable o la supresión de la falsificación de dispositivos. Sin embargo, su proliferación también ha dado lugar a la aparición de nuevos ciberataques que se desconocían hasta el momento. Este artículo presenta un estudio de mapeo sistemático sobre los ciberataques producidos en soluciones que integran redes blockchain, permisionadas y no permisionadas, en entornos IoT. Los resultados demuestran que el uso de la tecnología blockchain proporciona seguridad, transparencia y trazabilidad evitando as+AO0 la manipulación de los datos en entornos IoT. Además, se confirma que Ethereum es actualmente la plataforma más utilizada que implementa la tecnología blockchain.
A neural blockchain for a tokenizable e-Participation model
Benítez Martínez, Francisco Luis; Hurtado Torres, María Visitación; Romero Frías, Esteban. Actas de las XVI Jornadas de Ingeniería de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Servicios (JCIS 2021), 2021-09-22.
Currently, Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) and, especially, Blockchain technology represent a great opportunity for public institutions to improve citizen participation and foster democratic innovation. These technologies facilitate the simplification of processes and provide secure management of recorded data, guaranteeing the transmission and public transparency of information. Based on the combination of a Blockchain as a Service (BaaS) platform and G-Cloud solutions, our proposal consists of the design of an e-Participation model that uses a tokenizable system of the actions and processes undertaken by citizens in participatory processes providing incentives to promote greater participation in public affairs. In order to develop a sustainable, scalable and resilient e-Participation system, a new blockchain concept, which organizes the blocks as a neural system, is combined with the implementation of a virtual token to reward participants. Furthermore, this virtual token is deployed through a smart contract that the block itself produces, containing information about the transaction and all the documents involved in the process. Finally, our Neural Distributed Ledger (NDL) framework facilitates the interconnection of blockchain networks in a transparent, certified, secure, auditable, scalable and traceable way
Una Aplicación Descentralizada de Gestión de Votaciones a Rector de Universidad
Rosa-Bilbao, Jesús; Boubeta-Puig, Juan. Actas de las XVI Jornadas de Ingeniería de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Servicios (JCIS 2021), 2021-09-22.
Blockchain es una base de datos distribuida y segura que puede ser aplicada en todo tipo de transacciones. La tecnología blockchain est+AOE creciendo en popularidad dado que permite desarrollar aplicaciones cuya información es confiable, transparente, inmutable y trazable. Dadas las ventajas que la blockchain proporciona frente a otros sistemas tradicionales, en este artículo presentamos una aplicación descentralizada (DApp) para la gestión de votaciones a rector de universidad de forma privada, pero a su vez transparente e inmutable, pudiéndose verificar públicamente y en tiempo real los resultados de las elecciones. Esta DApp, capaz de interactuar con la red blockchain pública Ethereum, ha sido desarrollada utilizando el marco de trabajo Truffle y el software MetaMask. Los resultados demuestran que es una aplicación de gran utilidad para llevar a cabo la transformación digital de las elecciones a rector de universidad.
Smart Contract Languages: A Multivocal MappingStudy
Varela Vaca, Ángel Jesús; Reina-Quintero, Antonia M.. Actas de las XVI Jornadas de Ingeniería de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Servicios (JCIS 2021), 2021-09-22.
During the last years, blockchain and smart contracts are receiving substantial mainstream attention from academia and industry. Blockchain is a distributed database that can be seen as a ledger that records all transactions that have ever been executed. In this context, smart contracts are pieces of software used to facilitate, verify, and enforce the negotiation of a transaction on a blockchain platform. This study aims to (1) identify and categorise the state-of-the-art related to smart contract languages, in terms of the existing languages and their main features, and (2) identify new research opportunities. As a result of the review protocol, 4,119 papers were gathered, and 109 of them were selected for extraction. The contributions are twofold: (1) 101 different smart contract languages have been identified and classified according to a variety of criteria+ADs (2) a discussion on the findings and their implications for future research have been outlined. At first, almost 36+AFwAJQ of the studies have been collected from grey literature (GitHub, webpages, etc.), which proves the importance of the industry in this field. We have identified the current challenges to reveal several gaps and raise open problems within the field. The most interesting open problems include the need to improve the developer coding experience by providing tools to write smart contracts as human-readable as possible, and the need to deal with Oracles and trusted off-chain information and processes. We find out many smart contract languages and blockchain platforms, making the ecosystem rather chaotic. However, there is no common or standard language to specify smart contracts that are valid regardless of the blockchain platform. This multivocal mapping study provides a snapshot of the smart contract languages field that serves as a baseline and a tool for future work, e.g., future surveys or future literature reviews in which particular issues or aspects such as security and privacy might be studied in further detail. To do that, we provide a bundle with all the resources at +AFw-url+AHs-http://www.idea.us.es/smart-contract-languages/+AH0.
Evaluating the software frameworks for developing Decentralized Autonomous Organizations
Valiente, María-Cruz; Pavón, Juan; Hassan, Samer. Actas de las XVI Jornadas de Ingeniería de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Servicios (JCIS 2021), 2021-09-22.
First Bitcoin in 2008, and later Ethereum in 2014, held a powerful promise: online decentralized governance, without servers or central controllers, not just for finance applications like crypto-currencies but for any organization. The so called Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs) were expected to fulfill such a promise, enabling people to organize online relying on blockchain-based systems and smart contracts automatizing part of their governance. In 2016, three DAO software frameworks +IBQ-Aragon, Colony and DAOstack+IBQ emerged aiming to facilitate development and experimentation in this field. To which extent do they facilitate DAO development today? This paper performs an analytical comparison of these three frameworks, focusing on their current functionalities for building DAOs. We find Aragon to be the most complete in several aspects. In order to provide more details on the challenges on building DAOs with current frameworks, we present a case study using the Aragon framework. Through this case study, we have piloted DAO development using this framework, and thus we may highlight the benefits, limitations and problems that developers face when adopting it. Our findings show that, even if Aragon does provide superior capabilities to other frameworks, it is still highly challenging to build a DAO with the current tools. Today, problems include issues on software engineering, instability, localization, documentation, lack of formalization and standards, and interoperability. Complementarily, this paper aims to provide some guidance to those developers aiming to face the challenges in developing a DAO, and to those aiming to fix the major weak points that make DAOs the organizations of a still distant future.

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