Qrchestrator: An Error and Load Aware Quantum Orchestrator for Multiple NISQ Cloud Providers

Abstract

Quantum computing represents a paradigm shift in computational power, utilizing quantum mechanics to address problems beyond the reach of classical computing. The current generation of quantum computers, known as Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, can execute quantum operations but are constrained by significant noise and error rates that affect their reliability. As the adoption of NISQ devices grows, the need for efficient workload orchestration becomes increasingly critical. With diverse quantum cloud providers and error rates in quantum hardware make choosing the right Quantum Processing Unit (QPU) a challenging task. Existing quantum orchestrators primarily focus on load balancing but fail to account for critical factors such as hardware-specific noise. In this work, we propose Qrchestrator, an error- and load-aware quantum orchestration framework that optimizes quantum circuit execution across multiple NISQ providers. We discuss the challenges of quantum workload orchestration, outline the design of Qrchestrator, and highlight its potential benefits for quantum software engineering.