Resultados de búsqueda para Cyber-Physical Systems

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are all around us, but due to today’s technical limitations and the possibility of human error, we cannot yet tap into their full potential. The EU-funded TRANSACT project aims to develop a universal distributed solution architecture for the transformation of safety-critical CPS from local, stand-alone systems into safe and secure distributed solutions. To that end, TRANSACT will research distributed reference architectures for safety-critical CPS that rely on edge and cloud computing, ensuring that performance, safety, security, and data privacy are guaranteed. Furthermore, by integrating AI services into distributed CPS, TRANSACT will enable the fast development of innovative value-based services and business models.

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are systems that integrate digital cyber computations with physical processes. The software embedded in CPSs has a long life-cycle, requiring constant evolution to support new requirements, bug fixes, and deal with hardware obsolescence. To date, the development of software for CPSs is fragmented, which makes it extremely expensive. This could be substantially enhanced by tightly connecting the development and operation phases, as is done in other software engineering domains (e.g., web engineering through DevOps). Nevertheless, there are still complex issues that make it difficult to use DevOps techniques in the CPS domain, such as those related to hardware-software co-design. To pave the way towards DevOps in the CPS domain, in this paper we instantiate part of the reference architecture presented in the H2020 Adeptness project, which is based on microservices that allow for the continuous deployment, monitoring and validation of CPSs. To this end, we elaborate a systematic methodology that considers as input both domain expertise and a previously defined taxonomy for DevOps in the CPS domain. We obtain a generic microservice template that can be used in any kind of CPS. In addition, we instantiate this architecture in the context of an industrial case study from the elevation domain.

Context: Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are gradually and widely introducing autonomous capabilities into everything. However, human participation is required to accomplish tasks that are better performed with humans (often called human-in-the-loop). In this way, human-in-the-loop solutions have the potential to handle complex tasks in unstructured environments, by combining the cognitive skills of humans with autonomous systems behaviors.Objective: The objective of this paper is to provide appropriate techniques and methods to help designers analyze and design human-in-the-loop solutions. These solutions require interactions that engage the human, provide natural and understandable collaboration, and avoid disturbing the human in order to improve human experience.Method: We have analyzed several works that identified different requirements and critical factors that are relevant to the design of human-in-the-loop solutions. Based on these works, we have defined a set of design principles that are used to build our proposal. Fast-prototyping techniques have been applied to simulate the designed human-in-the-loop solutions and validate them.Results: We have identified the technological challenges of designing human-in-the-loop CPSs and have provided a method that helps designers to identify and specify how the human and the system should work together, focusing on the control strategies and interactions required.Conclusions: The use of our approach facilitates the design of human-in-the-loop solutions. Our method is practical at earlier stages of the software life cycle since it allows domain experts to focus on the problem and not on the solution.

Simulink models are commonly employed to simulate and test complex systems such as Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs). These systems are becoming highly configurable, and techniques from the product line engineering context (e.g., feature models) are being acquired by industrial practitioners to model the variability. Having variability in these systems means that there might be several configurations to test. Selecting relevant configurations by considering feature models following combinatorial techniques has been widely investigated by the software engineering community. However, efficiently testing each configuration has attracted little attention, which is not that trivial. One important aspect when testing such systems is automation. This tool paper presents ASTERYSCO, which aims at automatically generating test system instances in Simulink for testing specific configurations of configurable CPSs.

Mutation testing has been found to be an efficient technique in order to assess the quality of a test suite. The use of Simulink models is increasing in both industry and academia to model and simulate complex systems such as Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs). An advantage of Simulink is its ease to integrate software and control algorithms with complex mathematical models that typically represent continuous dynamic behaviors. In addition to that, the increasing trend of industry in adopting product line engineering methods to efficiently support the variability that their products demand is resulting in configurable Simulink models. Consequently, many configurations can be employed to test the configurable system. Each of these configurations will have a set of mutants, which will be in accordance with the configuration characteristics (i.e., features). However, manually generating and configuring mutants for each of the configurations is a time-consuming and non-systematic process. To deal with this problem, we propose a methodology supported by a tool that automatically generates mutants for configurable Simulink models.